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Introduction to XML Commands

Web development, programming languages, Software testing & others

Basic XML Commands

The basic XML Commands are as follows.

XML declaration

Element tag: Element names are case-sensitive, and they should start with a letter or underscore. It cannot contain spaces, but they can contain a letter, digits, underscore.

Syntax:

Example:

Root tag: It can be only one in an XML document or XML file.

Syntax:

Example:

Add: Include the node to XML Commands.

Example:

Remove: Used for removing a node the specific id from resulting XML.

SET: This changes the parent element in the resulting XML

Example:

Setattribute: Changes the set of attributes for the parent xml in the resulting XML.

Example:

Empty tag: Command is used to show the element which is not having content.

Example:

Namespace: This is being used to avoid conflict; start the name using a prefix.

Syntax / example:

XLink: This is used to create hyperlinks with in XML documents.

Syntax:

XML DTD: This is the file that has a DOCTYPE declaration in the XML Commands file. It is used for XML to make it well managed and valid for the XML.

Example:

XML schema: This XML commands is used as XS in the XML file. It also defines the structure of the XML file or the document. It is valid against the schema to be well-formed and valid.

Example:

Xpath: This expression is used to select the root element like /abc, and it selects the other elements based on the tag provided like /abc/1.

To format the XML document, XSL-FO language is being used; it is the set of language that can transform XML into XHTML, filter, and sort XML data. It helps in displaying the negative number and XML data output in the form of pictures and paper.

The XML file looks like as below:

XML can be used for programming as well, to parse the XML based on the java programming document object model is used. It also called a DOM compliant parser. There are many other parsers also available for the same.

XML is also being used with CSS, the same way HTML has been used with CSS. Need to provide the below text in an XML file

XML files can be viewed in internet explorer or other browsers as the HTML pages are viewed while browsing.

Identify the elements and write in a similar format across all the XML file

To be price while writing a name for tags as they are case sensitive.

The syntax should be well managed.

Always try to use different names; otherwise, conflicts make the XML file unreadable.

The definition of elements and syntax should be clear.

They are easy to write and use for different application while storing and transporting the data. It is lightweight and mainly used in a configuration file of almost in each tool. It is very easy to learn, and all the things are mainly covered in tags. XML validator is being used to validate the XML to manage the file’s format and output or resulting XML.

We hope that this EDUCBA information on “XML Commands” was beneficial to you. You can view EDUCBA’s recommended articles for more information.

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Types Of Xml Parsers With Examples

Definition of XML Parsers How does XML Parsers Work?

Fig: XML parser Process

The Parser could be categorized as validating and non- validating

Validating Parser: It needs a Document type Declaration to parse and gives an error if the respective document doesn’t match with DTD and constraints.

Non-Validating: This Parser eliminates DTD and the parser checks for the well-formed document.

This section talks about various types of parsers used recently in parsing XML document. They are:

DOM Parser

SAX Parser

JDOM Parser

stAX Parser

Xpath Parser

The most important type is DOM and SAX which is explained detail in this article.

Document Object Model is a W3C Standard and converts the XML document which is to parsed into a collection of objects and uses DOM API. It consists of a collection of nodes and is associated with other nodes in the tree. DOM is much easier to use as sorting and searching process is made chúng tôi DOM parser the content of the XML file is modified with Node and Node List. The Steps involved in Parsing with java:

Getting document builder objects

Taking XML document as input, parseit and return the class.

Getting values of the input id through attributes and sub-elements.

Display the results.

First is the XML file that generates the values which are going to be parse and java objects are constructed automatically.

chúng tôi

Read.java

}

And here is the Output is shown for the XML File. Save XML and java file in the same folder during execution. In this article I have used java-jdk- 13.0.1 using command prompt. Save the respective folder in any drive and do the set path.

Output:

SAX Is Simple API for XML and meant has Push Parseralso considered to be stream-oriented XML Parser. it is used in case of high- performance applications like where the XML file is too largeand comes with the community- based standard and requires less memory. The main task is to read the XML file and creates an event to do call functionor uses call back routines. The working of this parser is just like Event handler part of the java. it is necessary to register the handlers to parse the document for handing different events. SAX Parser uses three methods startElement() , endElement() , characters().

startElement(): Is used to identify the element, start element is identified.

endElement(): To stop the Supermarket tag in the example.

character(): Is used to identify the character in the node

The xml file is the same file used in DOM Parser chúng tôi and next step generate chúng tôi file

Rsax.java

}

Output:

Therefore, we have discovered how to use XML parsers in Java with the powerful APIs in the applications.Also, we have seen the implementation of two parsers using java. When compared with DOM,sax parser uses arbitrary size to parse whereas DOM requires available memory to load the complete chúng tôi Parsers differs based on the performance.

This is a guide to XML Parsers. Here we also discuss how does xml parsers work? along with examples and its code implementation. You may also have a look at the following articles to learn more –

Learn The List Of Coreldraw Viewer

Introduction to CorelDraw Viewer

A CorelDraw Viewer is a program that helps the user to view the CorelDraw files without having to download the CorelDraw software. CorelDraw is a vector software that creates a specific file Extension .CDR.

.CDR is a file extension that cannot be viewed or opened on every software, just like the JPG format. To view the files with this extension, the user needs a definite program that helps them to do the same.

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Some of the programs that help the user to view or edit .CDR files are finite but are either downloadable freeware programs or are available online instantly.

This is a freeware program available in the market. The users can easily download the software and use it to view .CDR files. In addition, this program can create animations and batch sequence images as well. It is a useful program for graphic designers who are looking for open-source software. Following are the steps to view .CDR files:-

Download and install the software.

Open the software

Select the source folder where the .CDR file is saved to view the same

This program was created by SODIPODI developers. INKSCAPE is the successor of the Sodipodi program. This program is a vector graphics program, and it creates files in .SVG format (Scalable Vector Graphics). Other vector file formats such as .CDR can be viewed and edit within the software. The program proves to be functional and user-friendly. It has multiple features and can easily be used to create vector artworks.

Following are the steps to view .CDR files in the software:-

Download and install the program from the internet.

Open the CDR file. The program is also capable of modifying the artwork easily.

Following are the steps to view .CDR files in the software:-

Download and install the program from the internet.

Open the program

Select the CDR file that needs to be viewed

To view a .CDR file, the user either needs CorelDraw Viewer or may convert the same file extension to other file formats. In this way, the user can view a .CDR file on any software.

One of the programs that help the user to convert the .CDR files to any other file format is Bit Recover CDR CONVERTER WIZARD.

Following are the steps through which the user can covert the .CDR files to any other file format.

Download and install Bit Recover CDR Converter wizard from the internet

Select the .CDR Files that you need to convert.

Select the File extension you need to convert the .CDR files to

Select the destination folder in which the files needs to be saved

This program will help the user to convert the existing .CDR files to any other file format. With the program .CDR files can also be viewed in Adobe Photoshop or Adobe Illustrator programs.

To view CorelDraw files, the user can use some of the methods that are listed above. Since CorelDraw is a paid and expensive program, not every user can afford to purchase the software. In such a case, the user can use the open-source freeware programs to view or edit graphic artworks as per their requirements.

Furthermore, these open-source programs can only be used for viewing and simple editing. For complex and detailed modifications, the user will have to purchase CorelDraw software.

This is a guide to CorelDraw Viewer. Here we discuss the list of CorelDraw viewers like Imagine, Inkscape, Irfan view, and LibreOffice in detail with an explanation. You may also have a look at the following articles to learn more –

Json Vs Xml – Difference Between Them

Key Difference Between JSON and XML

JSON object has a type whereas XML data is typeless.

JSON does not provide namespace support while XML provides namespaces support.

JSON has no display capabilities whereas XML offers the capability to display data.

JSON is less secured whereas XML is more secure compared to JSON.

JSON supports only UTF-8 encoding whereas XML supports various encoding formats.

What is JSON?

JSON is a file format that uses human-readable text for storing and transmitting data objects containing attribute-value pairs and arrays. JSON is used to store information in an organized and easy-to-access manner. JSON stands for JavaScript Object Notation. It offers a human-readable collection of data that can be accessed logically.

What is XML?

XML is an extensible markup language that is designed to store data. It is popularly used for transferring data. It is case-sensitive. XML allows you to define markup elements and generate customized markup language. An element is a basic unit in the XML language. The extension of XML file is .xml.

Here are important landmarks that form the history of JSON:

Douglas Crockford specified the JSON format in the early 2000s.

The official website was launched in 2002.

In December 2005, Yahoo! starts offering some of its web services in JSON.

JSON became an ECMA international standard in 2013.

The most updated JSON format standard was published in 2023.

Here, are the important landmark from the history of XML:

XML was also derived from SGML.

Version 1.0 of XML was released in February 1998.

Jan 2001:IETF Proposed Standard: XML Media Types

XML is the Extensible Markup Language.

1970: Charles Goldfarb, Ed Mosher, and Ray Lorie invented GML

The development of XML started in the year 1996 at Sun Microsystem

Easy to use – JSON API offers high-level facade, which helps you to simplify commonly used use-cases.

Performance – JSON is quite fast as it consumes very less memory space, which is especially suitable for large object graphs or systems.

Free tool – JSON library is open source and free to use.

Doesn’t require to create mapping – Jackson API provides default mapping for many objects to be serialized.

Clean JSON – Creates clean, and compatible JSON result that is easy to read.

Dependency – JSON library does not require any other library for processing.

XML tags are not predefined. You need to define your customized tags.

XML was designed to carry data, not allows you to display that data.

Mark-up code of XML is easy to understand for a human.

Well, the structured format is easy to read and write from programs.

XML is an extensible markup language like HTML.

Difference between JSON and XML

Here is the prime difference between JSON vs XML:

JSON XML

JSON object has a type XML data is typeless

JSON types: string, number, array, Boolean All XML data should be string

Data is readily accessible as JSON objects XML data needs to be parsed.

JSON is supported by most browsers. Cross-browser XML parsing can be tricky

JSON has no display capabilities. XML offers the capability to display data because it is a markup language.

JSON supports only text and number data type. XML support various data types such as number, text, images, charts, graphs, etc. It also provides options for transferring the structure or format of the data with actual data.

Retrieving value is easy Retrieving value is difficult

Supported by many Ajax toolkit Not fully supported by Ajax toolkit

A fully automated way of deserializing/serializing JavaScript. Developers have to write JavaScript code to serialize/de-serialize from XML

Native support for object. The object has to be express by conventions – mostly missed use of attributes and elements.

It supports only UTF-8 encoding. It supports various encoding.

JSON files are easy to read as compared to XML. XML documents are relatively more difficult to read and interpret.

It does not provide any support for namespaces. It supports namespaces.

It is less secured. It is more secure than JSON.

Let’s see a sample JSON Code

Let’s study the same code in XML

Here are the important benefits/ pros of using JSON:

Provide support for all browsers

Easy to read and write

Straightforward syntax

You can natively parse in JavaScript using eval() function

Easy to create and manipulate

Supported by all major JavaScript frameworks

Supported by most backend technologies

JSON is recognized natively by JavaScript

It allows you to transmit and serialize structured data using a network connection.

You can use it with modern programming languages.

JSON is text which can be converted to any object of JavaScript into JSON and send this JSON to the server.

Here are significant benefits/cons of using XML:

Makes documents transportable across systems and applications. With the help of XML, you can exchange data quickly between different platforms.

XML separates the data from HTML

XML simplifies platform change process

Allows creating user-defined tags.

Here are cons/ drawback of using JSON:

No namespace support, hence poor extensibility

Limited development tools support

It offers support for formal grammar definition

Here, are cons/ drawbacks of using XML:

XML requires a processing application

The XML syntax is very similar to other alternatives ‘text-based’ data transmission formats which is sometimes confusing

No intrinsic data type support

The XML syntax is redundant

Now, you can easily determine between XML or JSON which is better suitable for you.

Over 100 Homepod Siri Commands

Despite all the limitations, Siri rocks on HomePod. From letting you play/control music to setting and managing timers as well as alarms, the personal assistant is always up and ready to get your work done! To let you comfortably zoom through various tasks, we have rounded up over 100 Siri commands for HomePod to let you ideally control Apple Music, podcasts and HomeKit accessories and more.

While speaking commands to Siri (or for that matter to any personal assistant like Google Assistant or Amazon Alexa), it’s better to speak precisely. And make sure to use the specific keywords to get the quick response. Navigate through these commands to have the desired control over music, timers, alarms and more!

“Hey Siri, play my Book Time playlist.”

“Hey Siri, shuffle my Book Time playlist.”

“Hey Siri, add this song to my Book Time playlist.”

“Hey Siri, add this to my library.”

“Hey Siri, play My New Music Mix.”

“Hey Siri, play the A-List Pop playlist.”

“Hey Siri, play my music from Sam Smith.”

“Hey Siri, play the newest music from Vance Joy.”

“Hey Siri, play some recent pop music.”

“Hey Siri, play some chill music.”

“Hey Siri, play some romantic music.”

“Hey Siri, play some music to dance to.”

“Hey Siri, play the best songs from the ’90s.”

“Hey Siri, play the top 10 songs from 1986.”

“Hey Siri, play the top song from April 17, 1992.”

“Hey Siri, create a radio station based on The Killers.”

“Hey Sri, Play Beats 1.”

“Hey Sri, Play electronic radio.”

“Hey Sri, Play music that I like.”

“Hey Sri, Play NPR radio.”

“Hey Siri, play music.”

“Hey Siri, pause.”

“Hey Siri, skip this song.”

“Hey Siri, skip forward 30 seconds.”

“Hey Siri, jump back 10 seconds.”

“Hey Siri, previous track.”

“Hey Siri, raise/lower the volume.”

“Hey Siri, increase the volume to 50 percent.”

“Hey Siri, turn on repeat.”

“Hey Siri, play Party in the USA.”

“Hey Siri, I like/dislike this.”

“Hey Siri, what song is this?”

“Hey Siri, what was the last song called?”

“Hey Siri, who sings this?”

“Hey Siri, who is the drummer in this?”

“Hey Siri, what year is this song from?”

“Hey Siri, how many songs are on this album?”

“Hey Siri, Play the hottest Twenty One Pilots song.”

“Hey Siri, Play the top 10 country songs.”

“Hey Siri, Play the latest David Guetta album.”

“Hey Siri, Play my music from Echosmith.”

“Hey Siri, play more like this.”

“Hey Siri, after this play Rolling in the Deep.”

“Hey Siri, play some Florence and the Machine.”

“Hey Siri, tell me more about this artist.”

“Hey Siri, I want to hear the live version of this song.”

“Hey Siri, play a sad song.”

“Hey Siri, play a motivational song.”

“Hey Siri, play a romantic song.”

“Hey Siri, play a funny song.”

“Hey Siri, play a bedtime song.”

“Hey Siri, play a workout song.”

“Hey Siri, play the Game Scoop podcast.”

“Hey Siri, play the newest episode of Lore.”

“Hey Siri, play the first episode of Anna Faris is Unqualified.”

“Hey Siri, play my newest podcasts.”

“Hey Siri, what podcast is this?”

“Hey Siri, subscribe to this podcast.”

“Hey Siri, subscribe to NPR News Now.”

“Hey Siri, pause.”

“Hey Siri, jump back 10 seconds.”

“Hey Siri, skip forward one minute.”

“Hey Siri, raise/lower the volume.”

“Hey Siri, play it twice as fast.”

“Hey Siri, turn on the lights.”

“Hey Siri, turn off the lights.”

“Hey Siri, dim the lights.”

“Hey Siri, make all of the lights in the maximum office brightness.”

“Hey Siri, are the lights in the office on?”

“Hey Siri, turn all of the lights in the office blue.”

“Hey Siri, turn the Hue light strip purple.”

“Hey Siri, set the alarm for 12:00 P.M every weekday.”

“Hey Siri, set the alarm for 6:00 A.M.”

“Hey Siri, set the alarm for 4:30 P.M every Friday and Saturday.”

“Hey Siri, set the alarm for 3:00 P.M labeled take medicine.”

“Hey Siri, set the alarm for 9:00 A.M every weekend.”

“Hey Siri, set the alarm for 9 P.M every Monday.”

“Hey Siri, turn off the alarm.”

“Hey Siri, delete the 6 A.M alarm. “Hey Siri, delete all of my alarms.”

“Hey Siri, change the 7 A.M alarm to 8 A.M alarm

“Hey Siri, what alarms do I have on?”

Note: You are allowed to set a timer for a select number of minutes or hours. The maximum timer limit is 24 hours.

“Hey Siri, set a timer for 35 minutes.”

“Hey Siri, how much time is left on the timer?”

“Hey Siri, turn off the timer.”

“Hey Siri, pause the timer.”

“Hey Siri, change the timer to 10 minutes.”

“Hey Siri, Did the Manchester United win?”

“Hey Siri, What was the score the last time Spain played Germany?”

“Hey Siri, How did the Real Madrid do last night?”

“Hey Siri, What basketball games are on today?”

“Hey Siri, Get me college football rankings” or “Show me the roster for the Red Wings.”

“Hey Siri, What’s playing at Regal L.A. Live?” “What are some movies playing near me?”

“Hey Siri, Is [movie name] playing near me?”

“Hey Siri, What’s the synopsis of [movie name]?”

“Hey Siri, Find [driving, walking, transit] directions to [destination].”

“Hey Siri, How do I get to [destination] by [walking, bus, bike, car, train, etc.]?”

“Hey Siri, Where is [business name]?”

“Hey Siri, Where is the nearest [business type]?”

“Hey Siri, Define [word].”

“Hey Siri, What is a synonym for [word]?”

“Hey Siri, Who is called Cristiano Ronaldo.”

“Hey Siri, What’s the etymology of [word]?”

“Hey Siri, Schedule a meeting with [name] tomorrow at 2:30 a.m.” or “Cancel my 4 p.m. appointment.”

“Hey Siri, What appointments do I have tomorrow?”

“Hey Siri, Check flight status of [airline and flight number]”

“Hey Siri, What’s a good Chinese restaurant near me?”

“Hey Siri, Make a reservation at Baco Mercat for 8 p.m.”

“Hey Siri, Find a table for six in San Francisco tonight.”

“Hey Siri, How late is [business name] open?”

“Hey Siri, Is [business name] open right now?”

“Hey Siri, What’s the nearest museum?”

“Hey Siri, Where am I?”

“Hey Siri, What bridge is this?”

That’s all, folks!

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How To Get The Id Of A Form Containing A Dropdown List With Javascript?

In this tutorial, we will learn how to get the id of a form containing a dropdown list using JavaScript.

The id property of an HTML element gives a unique id. The id property value must be unique inside the HTML content. The style sheet property points to a specific declaration of style. JavaScript also uses it to access and alter the element with the specified id.

The id property is used to provide an element with a unique identifier. On a web page, you cannot have more than one element with the same id.

A dropdown menu in a computer GUI is a menu that provides a list of options. The menu title or the presently chosen item in the list is always visible. When the visible item is selected, more items from the list “dropdown” into view, from which the user can select.

Following are the methods using which we can get the id of a form containing a dropdown list with JavaScript −

In JavaScript, utilize the id property to obtain the id of a form containing a dropdown list. This id property returns or sets the id attribute value of an element. The Element interface’s id property represents the element’s identification, mirroring the global id attribute. If the id value is not empty, it must be unique inside a document.

The id is frequently used in conjunction with getElementById() to fetch a specific element. Another typical scenario is to utilize the ID of an element as a selector when decorating the document with CSS.

The getElementbyId() fetches an option from the dropdown menu to get the form’s id and stores it in the value variable.

In this example, we are using the id property of JavaScript to fetch the form’s id containing a dropdown list. A form with the id “myForm1” is created, which contains a button. Another form with the id “myForm2” is created, containing a dropdown list.

{

myFunction

(

)

}

;

function

myFunction

(

)

{

var

form1

document

getElementById

(

“mySelect”

)

form

;

document

getElementById

(

“root”

)

innerHTML

“Form id

with

dropdown

“

form1

;

}

JQuery is a JavaScript library that is compact, fast, and equipped with features. A working, easy-to-use API that can be used across many browsers simplifies HTML document navigation and manipulation, event handling, animation, and Ajax. jQuery has altered how millions of people write JavaScript due to its versatility and extensibility.

We use the closest form attribute in jQuery to get the id of a form containing a dropdown list. This attribute returns the form id, which is passed to the function.

The form variable stores the form’s name, which contains the dropdown list and the id to be displayed.

In this example, we used an external library called jQuery to retrieve the id of a form with a dropdown list. A form with the id “myForm1” is generated, complete with a button. Another form with the id “myForm2” is generated, containing a dropdown list.

{

myFunction

(

)

}

;

function

myFunction

(

)

{

var

form2

(

“#myForm2”

)

closest

(

“form”

)

attr

(

“id”

)

;

document

getElementById

(

“result”

)

innerHTML

“Form id

with

dropdown

“

form2

;

}

In this tutorial, we have come across two techniques to get the id of a form that contains a dropdown list using JavaScript. The first technique is to use the id property of JavaScript. The second technique is to use an external JavaScript library named jQuery which will fetch the id of the specific form which contains a dropdown list.

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